Life isn't long enough for love and art.
Introduction
W. Somerset Maugham's "The Moon and Sixpence" is a timeless classic in the realm of English literature, a novel that digs deep into the enigmatic world of art, passion, and the complex nature of human desire. Published in 1919, the book has stood the test of time, captivating readers with its exploration of the tumultuous life of Charles Strickland, an unconventional artist who, like the elusive moon and the alluring sixpence, remains enigmatic and alluring. In this review, we will inquire into the heart of this novel, exploring its compelling characters, its powerful themes, and its enduring impact on the world of literature.
Synopsis
"The Moon and Sixpence" is a novel that, at its core, looks into the complex and often tumultuous world of art and the artists themselves. The story is inspired by the life of the renowned French Post-Impressionist painter, Paul Gauguin. The novel follows the life of Charles Strickland, a middle-aged, middle-class stockbroker in London, who seemingly has it all: a comfortable life, a loving wife, and children. However, Strickland is a man discontented with the conventional, who yearns for something more, something he himself cannot quite define. This inner turmoil sets the stage for a remarkable journey that takes him from London to Paris, and ultimately to the remote islands of the South Pacific.
The story begins with the introduction of the novel's narrator, a writer named Geoffrey Wolfe, who becomes fascinated by Strickland's inexplicable urge to abandon his family and pursue a career as an artist. Strickland's decision to forsake his family and all societal expectations may appear to be the result of a mid-life crisis, but Maugham's exploration goes deeper. This is not a story of a mere mid-life crisis, but a passionate and relentless pursuit of artistic expression, a quest to answer the call of the moon and sixpence, metaphors for the intangible and enigmatic aspects of life that drive Strickland.
Throughout the novel, the reader is transported to the vibrant and bohemian world of Paris in the early 20th century, a world filled with eccentric artists, passionate affairs, and the relentless pursuit of art. Strickland's journey takes him under the wings of various artists, including the fictional Dirk Stroeve and the real-life painter Paul Gauguin. Strickland becomes increasingly absorbed in his art, willing to sacrifice everything in its pursuit. His obsession with his craft, bordering on self-destructive, sets him apart from conventional society and leads him to make choices that are shocking and at times inhumane.
Maugham presents Strickland as a complex character whose actions may be seen as morally reprehensible, yet the novel encourages readers to look beyond the surface and uncover the heart of his artistic passion. This exploration of the inner workings of an artist's soul is one of the novel's central themes, and Maugham masterfully guides the reader through Strickland's unrelenting quest for self-expression.
The novel also examines the impact of Strickland's actions on those around him, particularly the fictional character Dirk Stroeve. Stroeve, a fellow artist and Strickland's close friend, is the complete opposite of Strickland in terms of temperament and approach to art. He is portrayed as a kind and gentle soul who is deeply affected by Strickland's betrayal, yet he remains loyal to his friend, revealing the complexities of human relationships in the face of betrayal and abandonment.
As Strickland's journey takes him to Tahiti, the novel offers a fascinating portrayal of the South Pacific and its enchanting landscapes, contrasting the conventional Western world with the exotic and untamed beauty of the islands. In Tahiti, Strickland encounters a new level of freedom and a raw, untamed environment that echoes the unbridled nature of his artistic pursuits. Maugham's vivid descriptions transport the reader to this remote and mysterious world.
The novel's conclusion brings Strickland's story to an unexpected and poignant end, highlighting the enigmatic nature of his character. It is through the eyes of Geoffrey Wolfe, the narrator, that we ultimately see Strickland's true impact on the world, and the reader is left to contemplate the complexity of art and the artists who create it.
Exploration of Art and Passion
One of the most compelling aspects of "The Moon and Sixpence" is its exploration of art and the artistic temperament. Charles Strickland is a character driven by an insatiable passion for painting. Maugham captures the essence of an artist's obsession and the sacrifices they are willing to make to achieve their vision. Strickland's journey is not just about painting; it is about the unrelenting pursuit of truth and authenticity in art. The novel explores the paradox of art, where something as beautiful as a painting can be created through lives that are often marred by pain, betrayal, and alienation.
Maugham, himself a playwright and novelist, was well-acquainted with the world of artists, and his insights into the artistic process are both poignant and insightful. The book underscores the idea that true artists are often misunderstood and face rejection and isolation from society, yet they continue to create because they are compelled to do so. This theme makes "The Moon and Sixpence" a timeless work, as it resonates with anyone who has ever grappled with the creative urge and the desire to break free from societal norms.
Complex Characters
The characters in the novel are richly developed and multifaceted. Charles Strickland is the enigmatic and elusive figure at the center of the story. Maugham presents Strickland as a man who is seemingly ordinary but who possesses an extraordinary inner world. His transformation from a mild-mannered stockbroker to a ruthless and passionate artist is both perplexing and enthralling. Strickland's actions are at times abhorrent, such as abandoning his family, betraying his friends, and exploiting those who come into his life. However, Maugham never paints him as a one-dimensional villain. Instead, he is a character marked by his unyielding pursuit of art, a force of nature driven by inner demons.
Dirk Stroeve, Strickland's loyal and empathetic friend, is a striking contrast to Strickland. He represents the conventional artist, a man of sentiment and sensitivity. His unwavering devotion to Strickland, despite the latter's egregious actions, speaks to the complexities of human relationships and the enduring power of friendship. Stroeve's character serves as a poignant reminder of the impact one person can have on another, and the moral and emotional dilemmas that arise when loyalty and love collide with betrayal and cruelty.
The supporting cast of characters, including Blanche, the long-suffering wife of Strickland, and Ata, a native girl in Tahiti, add depth and nuance to the story. Their interactions with Strickland offer different perspectives on the artist's complex personality. Each character's response to Strickland's actions reflects the moral and ethical questions that permeate the novel.
Setting and Atmosphere
Maugham's evocative descriptions of the settings in the novel play a crucial role in shaping the narrative. From the bustling streets of London to the bohemian cafes of Paris and the exotic landscapes of Tahiti, the settings serve as more than just backdrops; they become integral elements in understanding the characters' motivations and emotions. The contrast between the urban, structured life of Europe and the wild, untamed beauty of the South Pacific mirrors the dichotomy between societal expectations and the unbridled nature of artistic freedom.
The vivid depiction of Tahiti, in particular, showcases Maugham's skill in transporting readers to a world so vastly different from the European setting. The descriptions of the island's lush landscapes, the vibrant colors, and the simplicity of life in the South Pacific captivate the imagination and immerse the reader in a world that echoes the untamed spirit of Strickland himself.
Themes and Philosophical Underpinnings
Maugham's exploration of various themes throughout the novel enriches the narrative and provokes deeper contemplation. The conflict between societal norms and individual freedom, the quest for artistic expression, the complexities of human relationships, and the nature of beauty and truth in art are all interwoven in a compelling tapestry of ideas.
The novel challenges the traditional perception of art and artists. It questions whether an artist's genius can justify their moral failings and whether the pursuit of art should be seen as an excuse for reprehensible behavior. Through Strickland's character, Maugham challenges the conventional boundaries of morality and art, urging readers to question their own beliefs about what is justifiable in the pursuit of creative expression.
The idea of self-discovery and the quest for meaning in one's life are also prominent themes. Strickland's relentless pursuit of his artistic vision represents a search for personal truth, a desire to uncover the depths of his own being through the medium of painting. His journey becomes a metaphor for the human quest to find one's true identity and purpose.
Conclusion
"The Moon and Sixpence" remains a compelling and thought-provoking novel that continues to captivate readers with its exploration of art, passion, and the complexities of human nature. W. Somerset Maugham's timeless work challenges societal norms and explores the turbulent journey of an artist who is willing to abandon everything in the relentless pursuit of self-expression.
The novel's enduring appeal lies in its ability to provoke introspection, encouraging readers to grapple with the intricate relationships between art, morality, and personal fulfillment. Through its richly drawn characters, evocative settings, and profound themes, "The Moon and Sixpence" stands as a testament to the enduring power of artistic expression and the enigmatic nature of human desire. It remains a poignant reminder that the pursuit of one's passion can lead to both profound beauty and profound tragedy, leaving an indelible mark on those who dare to follow the call of their own moon and sixpence.